The solar energy is changed into the electric energy
1.Principle of the solar cell:
The solar cell is different from general battery. The solar cell changes the solar energy into a device of the electric energy, and is it is it transmit conductive ion to come through electrolyte to need, is it adopt semiconductor produce PN marry and win electric potential to change.
When the semiconductor is shone by the sunlight, a large amount of free electron is followed but grow, the movement of and this electron has produced the electric current, that is to say that it produces electric potential difference to form the place in PN. So, the solar cell needs sunshine to operate, so mostly contact solar cell and battery, store the electric energy produced while having sunshine in advance, discharge when being for having no sunshine and use.
2.Whether solar cell divide into non- brilliant single crystal and how have 3 more brilliant.
First, the composition atom of the monocrystalline silicon, according to certain rule, arrange periodically, its manufacture method is one handful of silicons metal (purity is 99.999999999% , 11 Pieces of 9) Melting is in the silica crucible, then insert brilliant kind in the liquid, then 20 speed that transfer to rotate with every 2 minute, then mm. Dr.eye: of speeds slow to is it guide to draw up with every 0.3 minute at the same time, can form 8 inches of such monocrystalline silicon heavy stone used as an anchor of one diameter 4 so, this manufacture method is called the long brilliant law of firewood ( Czochralski method) . Solar cell made of monocrystalline silicon, with high efficiency and performance is steady, have already applied to the space and land extensively at present.
Second, silicon atom of polycrystalline silicon pile up way not merely one, it by single crystal to make up. The polycrystalline silicon is to cast solidification and succeed with the silicon of melting, because it make Cheng simple, the cost is relatively low. The output of solar cell made out by polycrystalline silicon, has already surmounted the solar cell of the monocrystalline silicon gradually at present.
Third, the non-crystalline silicon means the permutation of the silicon atom is very disorderly, have no rule to follow. General non-crystalline silicon chemical gaseous phase Shen accumulate law with electric thick liquid type, wait for base plate grow up non-crystalline silicon membrane, thickness of about one micron in glass. Because the non-crystalline silicon is better than silicon to mere absorbability about 500 times, so only needing a thin layer can absorb the energy of the photon effectively, and does not need to use the expensive crystallization silicon base plate, but use such base plates as cheaper glass, pottery or the metal,etc., can not merely save a large number of material cost so, make it become possible to make the solar cell of the large area too ( The area of the crystallization silicon solar cell is limited to the brilliant and round size of silicon) .
Fourth, single, how brilliant solar cell brilliant solar cell can transform one more than solar energy the electric energy more non-, but single, how brilliant price is more expensive than non- brilliant price more than two or three times, it is not the crystal type that can collect the almost equally a lot of solar energy with the crystal type instead in cloudy cases. So, unless it receive the areas per unit it produce restriction of electric power,otherwise, use is not a crystal type solar energy panel, for more worthwhile investment.
Fifth, the solar cell is a kind of pollution-free regenerated energy utilizing sunlight and material interaction to produce the electricity directly, especially any gas that the solar cell will not release and include carbon dioxide in using, this improves the ecological environment, problem of solving the greenhouse effects of the earth, so the solar cell can be expected to become important new energy of the 21st century.